That was a very good answer. You are right, I wasn't seeing the whole picture.

I liked this approach so much. We were simplifying it a lot.

I disagree... If interspecies reproduction were close to 2%, which is possible given the molecular DNA we share, given the same ratio of survival (this is an assumption) the individuals with neardenthal mitochondrias should be close to this 2% nowadays. I think this is just an statistical thing... If you are a human being alive, there is for sure a straight chain of women above you. It's proven that all them are Sapiens. But at the same time, if there isn't any other explanation, it's highly unlikely there aren't any nearthental women in this chain for any alive human being today.

That's right, it mutates even more than nuclear DNA.

>t all (all humans) have the same mitochondrial DNA from this Mitochondrial Eve?

You mean alive humans? If so, we have, the mitocondrial Eve is by definition the mother to dauther common line all the alive human beings have. But the mitocondrial DNA is not exactly the same for everyone since it mutates. Have in mind that mitocondrial Eve is not always the same individual, it can change any time a mother to dauther line ends.

If you mean all the human species, this would be a different concept, since the mitocondrial Eve concept comes from the ALIVE individuals. But you could theorically think about this new concept. You would have to go back so long to get back to the first ancenstor.

Yes, thank you.

Thank you, that helps. There are many possibilities.

Thank you, that makes sense!!

So is mostly like, for whatever reason, it seems like female hybrids from Neardenthal mothers, probably won't be fertil or viable for any reason in a regular basis.

So the 2% DNA we have from Neardenthal comes from (1) Neardenthal father, Sapiens mother reprodution, or maybe, male hybrids from Neartdental mother, Sapiens father reprodution (less likely, since male male hydrids are more like to be sterile)

Am I right?

Thank you, your comment gave me some light. :)

Can we know for sure there isn't any neanderthal mitochondria in any human being with the sample taken in the studies?

At the same time, I can't really understand why if there is a 2% of neanderthal DNA in our bodies, there isn't any neanderthal mitochondria survivers in our bodies. To me, it just seem so remote thinking that there isn't any female straight line to survivors, if we can't explain it in terms of fertility...

I know that I am probably not seeing the full picture, I need much more information to understand it. I just can't find it right know.