Most of the ones I know of are day trips, anywhere from 4-6 hours on the trail.

String 2 or more together with camping in-between and call it "overlanding" or camping and wheeling.

Some can be loooong. In Moab, the White Rim trail is a fun 2-3 day adventure (you have to book a long long time in advance).

I have never managed to run the Poison Spider, Golden Spike, Gold Bar Rim trifecta in less than 10 hours and in one case it was closer to 20 due to multiple breakdowns with old vehicles. Some can do it faster with more skill and more capable rigs than me.

In Colorado there's the Alpine Loop near Ouray, taking Engineer Pass to Lake City and back via Cinnamon Pass (if I am remembering right...). It can be done in a long day but it's more fun to do it in two.